Combination-lock



(ModeL) 2 SheetsSheet 1.

' H. 0. BROWN, J1.-

GOMBINATION LOOK. No. 397,893. Patented Feb. 19, 1889.

(Model.) '2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

H. 0. BROWN. Jr.

COMBINATION LOCK.

No. 397,893. Patented Feb 19, 1889.

lllllllllllllmzfiessa: [ave 7 0307":

1 a/ym,

FFTCEa PATENT HENRY O. BROlVN, JR, OF BROOKLYN, NElV YORK.

COMBINATION-LOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 397,893, dated February19, 1889.

Application filed January 6, 1888. Serial No. 260,018. (Modeh) To aZZ107mm, it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY (3. BROWN, Jr., of the city of Brooklyn,county of Kings, and State of New York, have in vented certain new anduseful Improvements in Combination- Locks; and I do hereby declare thatthe following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of thisspecification, and to th e letters of reference marked there-on, likeletters indicating like parts wherever they occur.

My invention relates to combination-locks; and it consists inconstructing the lock in such a manner that the tumblers have a backwardand forward or lateral motion, and are projected forward and withdrawnby means of a tongue or arm attached to and fixed in a spindle connectedwith and turned by means of a thumb-piece or dial operating in unequaland irregular openings in the tumblers.

To enable others skilled in the art to construct and use my invention,the following description is given.

Figure 1 shows the lock with all its parts in their proper places. Fig.2 shows the lock with the thin plate or cap Z) removed. Fig. 3 shows thelock with the cover a and guardplate 0 removed and all its tumblers intheir proper places when the dog m is drawn back. Fig. 4 shows asectional view'of the lock at a line drawn through the center of thespindle. Fig. 5 shows the various part-s of the lock taken apart anddisconnected.

The guard-plates c and h hold the dog m in position by means of thepivot or pin a. The pin a is fixed or fastened in the guard-plate h andpasses through the end of the dog m, and the other end of the pin a isheld in the guardplate 0, and d e f g are the tumblers, separated by thepacking or washers, respectively marked 2'. The tumblers d e fg areprojected and withdrawn by mean s of the arm 1', attached to and passingthrough the spindle I, as shown in Fig. 4. The arm 1 is fastened in thespindle Z by means of the keeper j and set-screw k. The arm and keeperare notched .and interlock to prevent the arm 1' from slipping when setin the spindle Z, as seen in Fig. 5. The thin plate I) is held inposition by the screws or rivets s s, as seen in Fig. 4-. The tumblersare arranged with apertures or openings through or near the center ofeach varying in size, as seen in 5, and so arranged that the aperture intumbler f shall be larger than that in tumbler g, and the aperture intumbler 6 shall be larger than that in tumbler f, and the aperture intumbler (I shall be larger than that in tumbler 6. Through theseopenings the spindle 1 passes, holding the arm 2". The arm is ofsufiicient width, so as to cover the entire width of and engage all thetumblers, as may be desired, as seen in Figs. 3 and 4.

The dog m, as seen in Fig. 3, when. thrown forward by the motion of thetumblers, so that the adjustable head n passes outside of the edge ofthe case or lug resting against the case, is forced upward and out ofthe slots in the tumblers, for the reason that the lug on the lower sideof the dog m is slightly wedgeshaped and thinner at its extreme lowerpoint than farther back on the dog, and so arranged at an angle as togive it a tendency to rise up and fly out of the notches in the tumblerswhen thrown forward, and then the combination is locked, as shown inFigs. 1 and 2, and the dog cannot again fall until all the slots in thetumblers are brought successively into line with each other and directlyunder the lug on the dog m, the width of which is sufficient to coverall the tumblers combined and resting upon them.

The method of unlocking the combination or withdrawing the dog m is byturning the spindle Z, which brings the arm i against and so that itengages the side of the opening in the tumbler d, as shown in Fig. 3,and throwing that tumbler forward or backward until the slot in tumbler(Z is drawn directly under the lug on the dog m, when the arm 2' isturned in the opposite direction, leaving the tumbler cl in position,and the arm is brought in like,

manner in contact with the tumbler 6, when that tumbler is thrownbackward or forward until the slot in tumbler e is brought directlyunder the lug in the dog on and in line with the slot in the tumbler d.Then the arm 2 is again turned in the opposite direction, leaving thetumbler e in position, and is brought in like manner in contact with thetumbler f, and that tumbler is thrown forward or backward until the slotin that tumbler is brought under the lug in the dog in and in line withthe slots in the tumblers (Z and 0, when again the arm is turned in theopposite direction, leaving tumblerf in position, and is brought in likemanner in contact with tumbler g, and that tumbler is thrown forward orbackward until the slot in that tumbler is brmlght under the lug in thedog Ht and in line with the slots in tumblers (I c f, as shown in Fig.3, when the lug in the dog or will drop into the slots in the tumblersrl efg, and the. head '11, will .i'all below the line of the resistingease orlug, when the spindle isturned back against the tumblers, earryiin; with itthetmnblers, the dorm, and the guard-plates and 71', and thehead 'aiswithd rawn into the case and the combination is unlocked andthe bolt may be thrown back. It will be seen that by each motion of thearm 1' in brin in each tumbler into place to receive the lug all theother and unoccupied tumblers will be thrown backward or forward, as thearse may be, until all the tumblers are brought successively intoposition.

In order to lock the combination, the arm i is turned forward by meansof the spindle Z engaging the sides of the tumblers or of one of thetumblers, and then all of the tumblers are thrown forward, carrying withthem the dog on, the guar l-plates c and 71, and as soon as the head itpasses outside ol' the case or the resisting-lug attached thereto thelug; on the dog In is thrown up and out of the slots in the tumblers, ashereinbetore described, and the head rests upon and against the outsideof the case or resisting-lug; attached, as aforesaid, and thecombination is locked and iirm, as shown in l igs. l and 2.

The length of the dog or, in (annbination with the head 11, maybeadjusted, (lengthened or sl1ort(med,) as may be desired, by means of theset-screw q and carrying-screw 1), as seen in Figs. 3 and Thecarrying-serew '12, passing through the yoke o, carries the head a ingrooves or slots upon the dog H7, where it may be t'astenml by theset-screw q. The yoke 0 attached and fastened to the head 11 bymeans ofthe sermv I. The combination of this lock may be rep.- ulated and:uliusterl by m ans of sliding and adjusting the head )1 upon the dog"in by the set-screw q and carryiarr-screw p, as may be desired.

The arm 1' may be lengthened or shortened by changing its position inthe spindle Z by means of the interlocking notches upon the arm I andkeeper-j, which is attacluial to the spindle I by the set-screw Ir. Thearm is held in position by the set-screw 7r at any point desired, and bylengthening or shortening the arm, or moving it into dil't'erentpositions in the spindle by the means as lmreinbetore described, as seenin Figs. at and 5, the combination of this lock, may be changed andadjusted as may be desired. If desired, the keeper 7' may be dispensedwith, and the notches in the at m i may be made to interlock with likenotches in the spindle Z, and may be held in position by means of asetscrcw. The spindle and the tumblers in this lock; are separate anddetached from each other-that is, the spindle is detached from thetumblers and the tumblers are detached from each other-that is, notconnected by means of pin, slot, dog, or otherw is( .so that the spindlemay be driven in and through the lock. without displacing" any of thetumblers or releasing the dog in; and the t'runblcrs being indepernlentof each other, and the arm 1' acting upon each tumbler directly,separately, and independently, any one or more of the llllll'llJlOlS(one alone remaining) may be (lis )laeedli)y any explosion orotherwise-- without releasin the bolt. It would be next to impossible tobring" the tumblers into position so as to release the bolt by means ofa pick from the outside in case the spindle should be driven in, andimpossible to release the bolt by operating upon one or more of thetumblers by means of a pick through the spindle-hole. As the tumblersare detached and not connected with or dependent upon each other, themoving of one tumbler would in no way disturb or affect any of theothers. The lug on the under side of the dog W1 is wide enough to extendacross and engage all the tumblers at once in such a manner that itcannot fall unless all the notches in all the tumblers are brought intoline and directly under the lug on the dog" Ht.

with rotary tumblers and those with sliding tumblers connected anddependent upon each other by means of a pin or otherwise are destroyedand the bolt released by driving in the spindle. The driving in of thespindle, in case the tumblers are connected with and dependent on each.other, necessarily carries with it the tumblers, and consequentlyreleases the bolt; but when the spindle is detached from the tumblers,and the tumblers are detached from each other, and the spindle actingupon each independently and directly, the spindle may be driven in, andthe dog and bolt will remain fixed in the same position as before, as isshown in this lock.

This lock is constructed with a thin plate or cap, I), as seen in Fig.1, so that in case the spindle Z should be driven in this cap or thinplate will be easily removed and driven in without tearing" away theinside of the case of the lock, or dis j lacing the tumblers, or do" ingany other injury to the lock. or case. This lock is more simple andcomposed of less number of pieces or parts than the ordinarycombiiration-lock with rotary or sliding and connected tumblers, andthis look is much less expensive than any other coml)inationlook now inuse.

This lock maybe eonstruetml with as many tumblers as may be desired.

13y detaelual spindle and arm and indepemlen t tumblers I mean. thatneither the arm nor spindle is connected with or fixed in the tumblers,but are held in place by and fixed in the door or case to which the lockis attached or fastened, and that the tumblers are not connected with ordependent upon each other for their motion, but are acted uponindependently of each other, and directly by the arm, which is fixed inthe spindle, but not connected with either tumbler.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. A combination-lock having a combination of independent tumblers withunequal and irregular openings or apertures within or near theircenters, through which openings a detached and independent spindlepasses and operates upon the tumblers within the openings by means of anadjustable arm attached to the spindle, substantially as herein shownand described.

2. A combination-lock having tumblers operating independently of eachother, which tumblers are operated upon "and adjusted individually bymeans of an arm connected with a spindle and acting upon each tumblerdirectly and independently, substantially as herein shown and described.

3. A combination-lock having a thin plate or cap, I), in combinationwith the independent spindle Z, adjustable arm '5, independent tumblers(Z c f g, and dog m, the thin plate or cap being arranged and adjustedupon the back of the case of the look, as described, whereby the spindleZand arm 1' may be driven in, removing the thin plate or cap withoutdestroying or injuring the other parts of the lock or case or displacingthe tumblers, substantially as herein shown and described.

4. A combination -lock having an independent spindle, Z, and arm 1',held in position by means of the set-screw 7c, and keeper j, having aratchet or teeth interlocking with like teeth in the arm i, arranged asdescribed, whereby the combination of the lock may be changed andregulated by shortening or extending the arm 11 in the spindlel, incombination with the independent tumblers d e f g and dog m,substantially as herein shown and described.

5. A combination-lock having a dog, m, and head a, carryingscrew 13, andset-screw q, as described, whereby the combination of the lock may bechanged by extending or drawing back the head 01 upon the dog on bymeans of the carrying-screw p and set-screw q, in combination with thesliding tumblers d e f g, spindle Z, and arm 2', substantially as hereinshown and described.

HENRY 0. BROWN, JR. lVitnesses:

HENRY 0. BROWN, ALPHEUS L. BROWN.

